旋轉(zhuǎn)供料器作為工業(yè)領(lǐng)域物料輸送的核心設(shè)備，其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)服務(wù)于物料穩(wěn)定傳輸與精準(zhǔn)控制的需求。設(shè)備由多個(gè)功能組件構(gòu)成，各部分協(xié)同作業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)供料的功能。

　　As the core equipment for material conveying in the industrial field, the rotary feeder's structural design serves the needs of stable material transportation and precise control. The device is composed of multiple functional components, which work together to achieve continuous feeding.

　　1. 外殼：承載與防護(hù)的基礎(chǔ)框架

　　1. Shell: the basic framework for carrying and protecting

　　旋轉(zhuǎn)供料器的外殼通常采用碳鋼或不銹鋼材質(zhì)，具備較高的強(qiáng)度與抗腐蝕性能。外殼呈圓柱形或方形結(jié)構(gòu)，頂部設(shè)有進(jìn)料口，用于連接上游物料輸送管道，使物料依靠重力自然落入設(shè)備內(nèi)部；底部的出料口則與下游管道相連，確保物料順利排出。外殼預(yù)留檢修口與觀察窗，便于工作人員檢查內(nèi)部積料情況、維護(hù)設(shè)備部件；同時(shí)，外殼的密封設(shè)計(jì)能夠防止物料泄漏，維持工作環(huán)境清潔。

　　The shell of the rotary feeder is usually made of carbon steel or stainless steel, which has high strength and corrosion resistance. The shell has a cylindrical or square structure, with a feeding port at the top for connecting upstream material conveying pipelines, allowing materials to naturally fall into the equipment by gravity; The bottom discharge port is connected to the downstream pipeline to ensure smooth discharge of materials. Reserved inspection ports and observation windows on the shell for staff to check the internal material accumulation and maintain equipment components; Meanwhile, the sealing design of the casing can prevent material leakage and maintain a clean working environment.

　　2. 轉(zhuǎn)子：實(shí)現(xiàn)物料輸送的核心部件

　　2. Rotor: the core component for material conveying

　　轉(zhuǎn)子是旋轉(zhuǎn)供料器的核心執(zhí)行單元，由轉(zhuǎn)軸與多個(gè)葉片組成。葉片均勻分布于轉(zhuǎn)軸圓周，形成獨(dú)立的物料容腔。當(dāng)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)軸旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，葉片同步轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，將進(jìn)入容腔的物料從進(jìn)料口推送至出料口。根據(jù)物料特性與輸送需求，轉(zhuǎn)子可采用不同設(shè)計(jì)：直葉型結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，適用于流動(dòng)性良好的物料；前傾葉型葉片對(duì)物料的推送力更強(qiáng)，適合處理粘性或流動(dòng)性差的物料；后傾葉型則能減少物料在輸送過(guò)程中的擠壓破損。此外，轉(zhuǎn)子與外殼內(nèi)壁之間需保持 0.1 - 0.5 毫米的精密間隙，以平衡物料流暢通過(guò)與防止泄漏的雙重要求。

　　The rotor is the core execution unit of the rotary feeder, consisting of a shaft and multiple blades. The blades are evenly distributed around the circumference of the shaft, forming independent material chambers. When the motor drives the shaft to rotate, the blades rotate synchronously, pushing the material entering the chamber from the inlet to the outlet. According to the material characteristics and conveying requirements, the rotor can adopt different designs: the straight blade structure is simple and suitable for materials with good fluidity; The forward leaning blade type has a stronger pushing force on materials, making it suitable for handling materials with poor viscosity or fluidity; The backward tilting blade type can reduce the compression damage of materials during transportation. In addition, a precise gap of 0.1-0.5 millimeters should be maintained between the rotor and the inner wall of the casing to balance the dual requirements of smooth material flow and leakage prevention.

　　3. 密封裝置：防止物料泄漏的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)

　　3. Sealing device: a key structure to prevent material leakage

　　為避免物料在輸送中泄漏，旋轉(zhuǎn)供料器配備軸向與徑向雙重密封系統(tǒng)。軸向密封位于轉(zhuǎn)軸貫穿外殼的部位，常見類型包括填料密封與機(jī)械密封。填料密封通過(guò)在密封腔內(nèi)填充橡膠、石墨盤根等彈性材料，利用壓蓋壓力緊貼轉(zhuǎn)軸形成密封；機(jī)械密封則依靠動(dòng)環(huán)與靜環(huán)的精密貼合及輔助密封圈，實(shí)現(xiàn)高效持久的密封效果。徑向密封主要通過(guò)葉片頂端的密封片或彈性密封條，確保轉(zhuǎn)子葉片與外殼內(nèi)壁緊密接觸，阻止物料從間隙溢出，從而降低物料損耗并減少粉塵污染。

　　To prevent material leakage during transportation, the rotary feeder is equipped with a dual axial and radial sealing system. Axial seals are located at the part where the shaft penetrates the housing, and common types include packing seals and mechanical seals. Packing seal is formed by filling the sealing chamber with elastic materials such as rubber and graphite packing, and tightly adhering to the shaft under the pressure of the gland to form a seal; Mechanical seals rely on the precise fit between the moving and stationary rings, as well as auxiliary sealing rings, to achieve efficient and long-lasting sealing effects. Radial sealing is mainly achieved through sealing plates or elastic sealing strips at the top of the blades, ensuring that the rotor blades are in close contact with the inner wall of the casing, preventing material from overflowing from the gap, thereby reducing material loss and minimizing dust pollution.

　　4. 驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)：提供運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力的組件組合

　　4. Drive system: a combination of components that provide operational power

　　驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)由電機(jī)、減速器與傳動(dòng)裝置構(gòu)成，為供料器提供穩(wěn)定動(dòng)力。電機(jī)作為動(dòng)力源，可根據(jù)工況選擇普通異步電機(jī)或變頻電機(jī)，后者支持轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)，便于靈活控制供料量。減速器用于降低電機(jī)輸出轉(zhuǎn)速并提升扭矩，常見類型有齒輪減速器、蝸輪蝸桿減速器，以適配轉(zhuǎn)子的運(yùn)行需求。傳動(dòng)裝置負(fù)責(zé)將動(dòng)力傳遞至轉(zhuǎn)子，皮帶傳動(dòng)具備緩沖過(guò)載的特性，而聯(lián)軸器傳動(dòng)則能實(shí)現(xiàn)更精準(zhǔn)、穩(wěn)定的動(dòng)力傳輸，適用于對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)速控制要求較高的場(chǎng)景。

　　The drive system consists of a motor, a reducer, and a transmission device, providing stable power for the feeder. As a power source, the motor can be selected from ordinary asynchronous motors or variable frequency motors according to the working conditions. The latter supports speed adjustment, making it easy to flexibly control the feeding amount. Gearboxes are used to reduce the output speed of motors and increase torque. Common types include gear reducers and worm gear reducers to adapt to the operating requirements of rotors. The transmission device is responsible for transmitting power to the rotor, belt transmission has the characteristic of buffering overload, while coupling transmission can achieve more accurate and stable power transmission, suitable for scenarios with high requirements for speed control.

　　5. 軸承與潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)：保障穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的輔助組件

　　5. Bearing and lubrication system: auxiliary components to ensure stable operation

　　軸承作為支撐轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)鍵部件，分為滾動(dòng)軸承與滑動(dòng)軸承兩類。滾動(dòng)軸承摩擦阻力小、啟動(dòng)性能好，適合高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)工況；滑動(dòng)軸承承載能力強(qiáng)、耐沖擊，常用于重載環(huán)境。為減少軸承磨損，設(shè)備配備潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)定期注入潤(rùn)滑油或潤(rùn)滑脂，在軸承表面形成減摩油膜，并帶走運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生的熱量。部分供料器搭載自動(dòng)潤(rùn)滑裝置，可根據(jù)運(yùn)行時(shí)間或軸承溫度智能調(diào)節(jié)潤(rùn)滑頻率，確保設(shè)備長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。

　　As a key component supporting rotor rotation, bearings are divided into two categories: rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Rolling bearings have low friction resistance and good starting performance, suitable for high-speed operating conditions; Sliding bearings have strong load-bearing capacity and impact resistance, and are commonly used in heavy-duty environments. To reduce bearing wear, the equipment is equipped with a lubrication system that forms a friction reducing oil film on the bearing surface by regularly injecting lubricating oil or grease, and takes away the heat generated during operation. Some feeders are equipped with automatic lubrication devices that can intelligently adjust the lubrication frequency based on operating time or bearing temperature, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment.

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